Monitoring System For Automatic Plant Irrigator

Monitoring System For Automatic Plant IrrigatorIrrigation is of the manner to watering the plant and to improve the quality of crops. Automatic irrigation is a modern method that try for for watering vegetables, fruits and farm crops. This stand out paper testament describe self-winding plant irrigator builded by using micro keep in lineler. The main purpose of this get wind is to design an reflex(a) watering device by comprehend the reason conditions. In addition, the project to a fault aims to design a acres moisture sensor that burn down be easily integrated with a microcontroller. To hand this objective, some research and studies has been done in some previous similar project. Based on the review, the methodology that use in this project are divide into twain, which is hardware and software parts. Both development are involving design, experimentation, simulation and look to get an expected leave alone which meets the project objective. Data analysis for this pr oject will proceed after the completion of the hardware and the software procedure. This is for the purpose to ensure the project can achieve the objective and akinwise to ensure the reliability of the arranging.C(iii)Detailed proposal of projectCadangan maklumat projek secara terperinci(a) IntroductionPengenalanWhen it comes to agricultural activities, irrigation in one of the vital process. Irrigation formation is an essential substantial element for plant branch. It also one of major effect in any plant cultivation as it may affect on the growth of plant. Irrigation in agriculture term is defined as an artificial application of watering of the arable land or soil.Water is most important to our deportment and we cannot survive without it. Water also is essential ingredient of plant. Most of gardener usually uses manual technique to watering their plant. This technique arrangement is inefficient. Sometime, the possibility to all over watering is high when use this techniqu e.In order to overcome this problem, Automatic plant irrigator is used. Automatic plant irrigator or rectify known as an automatic plant watering system is a system that is introduced not only provide a programmable watering system but also a sustained monitoring system. The main goal of this project is to design an automatic plant irrigator where the system is equipped with a reliable soil water level or moisture sensor. This system is applicable for small or medium agricultural-industry. This system will be divided into three main units which are sensing element, control element and final control element. sensing element such as soil moisture detector are use to control the watering system(b) riddle statementPernyataan MasalahNowadays, automatic plant irrigator system is commonly applied in agriculture such as domestic gardening. In this industry, automatic plant irrigator system usually used to supply water to maintain soil moisture so plants can grow well.Unfortunately, the re are still gardeners or farmers who maintain use manually watering technique because not all of them afford to buy the system. Over-watering possibility would occur if this manual process is still practiced. It will caused the plants submerge if supply too much water for them. Sometime this manual technique also select the process water late reachinges or does not reach the roots of plants and this will cause the plant get dried. Lack of water can be harmful to the plant or compensate can record it withered. The effect of this lack of water can also slow down the process of plant growth and will also affect the light pitch of the plants. In the conventional system, farmers also need monitor the irrigation timetable, as each plant has a different time in terms of watering time.An automatic plant irrigation monitoring system is the good solution to overcome this problem. This irrigation system is not only provides a good hydration system for plant but also provides the contro ller that allows the drug user to decline their irrigation system operation. Users also can set the level of moisture that is allowed according to the specification in the soil so their crops will always have a maintained moisture level.(c) Objective (s) of the ProjectObjektif ProjekTo compare the sensitivity of two reference of sensor probe that was made of unsoiled steel and copperTo design reliable soil moisture sensorTo design automatic plant irrigator monitoring system(c) Project ScopeSkop ProjekThis project will be focus to design low cost automatic plant irrigation. The project involves the evolution of manually watering techniques to automatic watering techniques. The absolute of the automatic watering system in an agricultural. To complete this project in such systematic and organized manners, some scope and limitation should be set accordingly.Sensor used to control the watering system is soil moisture sensor. There are several software will be used, the software is li vewire that been used to simulated the circuit. The second software that will be used in this project Visual Basic 6 that been used to implement the graphical user interface for PIC as the system controller.The communication between Visual Basic and automatic plant irrigator system will be determined by using an address to give or receive digital or analog signal.(e) Literature ReviewKeterangan latar belakang projek kajian literatureSoil moisture sensorSensor is a device which used to measure a physical quantity and convert this information into a signal that can be read by the observer or a tool. 1The Sensor converts one form of energy into another form because the sensor is a transducer. For this reason, the sensor is categorized according to the type of energy transfer that they detected. Soil moisture measurement provides very useful information to agriculture, such as agriculture farm, soil stability, soil moisture and construction activities. 2The probe cream for sensor is v ery important. This is because the visible that used in the probe. Sensor sensitivity is depending on the material that used to construct the probe and also depends on how the sensor operates. Typically, soil moisture sensor is based on the vindication value of the soil. Water is a type of electric conductance. So generally, if the resistance is low, the soil is dry and vice versa. 3.Gypsum block is a product of the low cost soil moisture monitoring. Their low cost and ease of interpretation make this block is particularly suitable for seasonal crops. There are two electrodes embedded in the gypsum block. When gypsum wet, it will conduct electric easily and when gypsum dry, it is a unworthy conductor. A pair of electrode within the block will measure the change in the resistance. It is possible directly using a pair of electrode measure the immunity in the soil but the measurement will influence by changes in soil conductivity brought about by salt and other ingredients. The ion gypsum provided a buffer against the effects of salt and nutrients. It is very effective for prevention of salt ions from reaching the electrode and to ensure the sensor is only responding to moisture level. 4PICMicrocontroller is a reckoner on- a- chip. It is a type of intelligence processor that can be programmed for collecting data from input. Microcontroller frequently uses in automatically control devices such as aloof control system, toys and hardware. 5PIC is used as the main brain system in a moisture monitoring system. Technically, PIC is used to converts analog signals to digital signal that can be read by computer that provided the view of monitoring system. In the measurement of soil moisture, the soil moisture sensor latent to measure the variance (voltage) across the probe and transmit the measure to the PIC. PIC will convert the reading into the soil moisture level. This is achieved by setting the transformation unit into the PIC programmed.6Irrigation SystemThe main purpose of Automatic irrigation management system is proposed to offer the following benefits first, it is able to provide the amount of water need by plants in the field. Second, it can eliminate the time and scheduling system for watering plants. Third, it also managed to contain the pressures caused by over-watering plants. In conclusion, this system is to promote the pen and production water. 7With the increasing needs for agriculture, human start to realize that agriculture activity are needs plentiful source of water just like how they need water to survive. As time goes by, the increase in population and the area of settlement grows wider. So, human has created a device that allows them to get water even they are far from the water source. The earliest system known as aqueducts. 8Soil Moisture Monitoring SoftwareThe software is designed to monitor system operation. This is to record the measurement of soil moisture so that can be used as a reference for plant watering strategies to produce better yields. The data recording is very important since different patterns in the irrigation schedule do affect the crops growth. 9The concept of monitoring system is also beneficial to operators to succor them monitor for any abnormalities in the system during operation. The software also provides a graphical display system operation. The display helps the operator to determine the level of soil moisture and watering system conditions during operation. This will ensure the system is healthy and operate normally. 10Soil water percentage experimentBefore starting the experiment, the method of calculation needs to be determined first. For this project, the water percentage will be calculated by referring to the mass of dry soil. This method will apply three general equations which are normally used to determine the water percentage using the oven dry method.(d) MethodologyKaedah projekFor sensing unit, the design stage is started with the soil moisture sensor circuit design. In this project, the voltage divider circuit is used. After the soil moisture circuit has been confirmed, the next step is determining the material that is used as a sensor probe. Here are two types of probes were used which is stainless steel and copper. Experiment and analysis will be conducted on both of the probe. Result from both of the probe will be taken and compared to determine which probe more suitable as a sensor probe.The selection of reliability sensor is depend on the high electric conductivity and also has a high corrosion resistance. The sensor probe is build of two rods which are separated for 2 cm. The two rods are separated so that when the probe is inserted into the soil there will be a potential difference across them. These potential difference is varies with the soil resistivity.The microcontroller used in this project is the Duemilanove Arduino. The Arduino is equipped with the Atmega328 PIC with a built in USB interface which provides an eas y nonparallel connection between the controller and computer to provide the GUI display. The Arduino is programmed to obtain the voltage reading from the sensing unit and display it.Action unit in the project is automatic plant irrigator system. This unit consists of two small units which is water pumps and dripping system. Water pumps supplying 240V power supply and its operation is controlled by a relay. That is triggered by the arduino.(g) ReferencesApplication of sensor manual, conventions and Basic, 1999R.Frank, Research on the soil moisture sensor, 2000C.C. Shock, R. Flock, E. Feibert, C.A. Shock, A. Pereira, L. Jensen, Irrigation Monitoring with Soil Water Tension. Oregan State University, 2005Model KS-D1 owners manual, DELMHORST INSTRUMENT CO.Application of Microcontroller manual, Principle and the BASIC Stamp, 1999. Juang, J.-N. Ekong, D.U. Carlson, C. Longsdorf, W. Miller, M. , A Computer-Based Soil Moisture Monitoring and Hydrating System, System Theory, 2007. SSST 07. Thirty-Ninth Southeastern Symposium on , vol., no., pp.142-144, 4-6 March 2007Julie S.Chang. Western Washington University. 10-22-2006C. Brouwer, K. Prins, M. Kay, M. Heibloem. Irrigation Water Management Irrigation Methods, Rome, Italy Publications Division, sustenance and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, 1988C. O. Akinbile, M. S. Yusff, Growth, Yield and Water use Pattern of Chilli Pepper under Different Irrigation Scheduling and Management, Asian Journal of boorish Research, 5(2), pp 154 163, 2011.Y. Zhao, J. Zhang, J. Guan, W. Yin, Study on precision water-saving irrigation automatic control system by plant physiology, Industrial Electronics and Applications, 2009. ICIEA 2009. 4th IEEE Conference on , vol., no., pp.1296-1300, 25-27 May 2009D entrance fee TO EQUIPMENT AND MATERIAL / KEMUDAHAN SEDIA ADA UNTUK KEGUNAAN BAGI PROJEK INIEquipmentPeralatanLocationTempatEBUDGET /BELANJAWAN cheer indicate your estimated budget for this projectSila nyatakan anggaran baje t bagi cadangan projek iniBudget detailsButiran belanjawanAmount requested by applicantJumlah yang dipohonoleh pemohonComment by panelFYP 1PSM 1(RM)FYP 2PSM 2(RM)E (i)Project Materials SuppliesBekalan dan Bahan ProjekCopper rods(Rm5.00)PCB BOARD(RM2.00)E (ii)Maintenance and Minor regenerate ServicesBaik pulih kecil dan ubahsuaiE (iii)Professional ServicesPerkhidmatan IkhtisasE (vi)Accessories andEquipmentAksesori dan PeralatanTOTAL AMOUNTJUMLAH BESARRM7.00FDeclaration by candidate / Akuan Calon(Please tick ( )) / (Sila tanda ( ))I hereby witness thatSaya dengan ini mengaku bahawaAll information stated here are accurate, Supervisor and panel has right to reject or to cancel this proposal without prior notice if there is any inaccurate information given.Semua maklumat yang diisi adalah benar, Penyelia dan panel berhak menolak permohonan atau membatalkan tawaran cadangan ini pada bila-bila masa sekiranya keterangan yang dikemukakan adalah tidak benar.Application of this Project Pr oposal is presented for a FYP 1 seminar.Permohonan cadangan projek projek ini dikemukakan untuk Seminar PSM 1.Date Candidates Signature Tarikh Tandatangan Calon ___________________________GRecommended by FYP SupervisorPerakuan Penyelia PSMPlease tick ( )Sila tandakan ( )RecommendedDiperakukanA. Highly RecommendedSangat DisokongB. RecommendedDisokongC. Not Recommended (Please specify reason)Tidak Disokong (Sila Nyatakan Sebab)CommentsUlasanName SignatureNama TandatanganDateTarikh appurtenance A Flow Chart of Project ActivitiesStartProposing a project titleDevelopment of monitoring system for Automatic Plant IrrigatorLiterature ReviewSoil Moisture SensorPIC3. Irrigation SystemDesign the systemSystem block diagramSoil Moisture Sensor Circuit3. Programming PICSystem ConstructionRun simulation for sensor circuit using LiveWire ProSystem hardware and software constructionSystem testing and analysisFinal report typography and submissionEndAppendix B Project Schedule of Project Activi ties (Gantt chart)Project PlanningList major activities involved in the proposed project. Indicate duration of each activity to the think month(s).20122013Project ActivitiesSept.Oct.Nov.Dec.Jan.Feb.Mac.Apr.MayJuneFinding out the project title and proposal submissionSearch for relevance information with the projectDesigning and testing of the sensing unitDesigning and testing of the action unitIntegrating the sensing and the action unitRun testing and analysisFinal report writingAppendix C TURNITIN Report must be attached